The participation of firms and individuals in global supply chains has lifted millions out of poverty. Recent research identifies multiple channels through which supply chain participation can be a conduit for growth and development: the upward pressure in wages in exporting sectors, the facilitation of knowledge sharing and upgrading, the improvement of working conditions and sustainability standards, among others. Yet, recent events, ranging from the pandemic to a renewed protectionist wave driven partly by geopolitical forces, have put global supply chains under great strain. Understanding the implications and lessons from these challenges for developing countries is crucial for continuing to leverage trade for development. Against this backdrop, the workshop scope is to discuss what is next in the supply chains and development agenda. Leading academics in international trade and development will contribute to advancing an answer to this question, focusing on the role of market frictions and constraints specific to developing countries.